Wounds of the pastern and foot region managed with phalangeal casts: 50 cases in 49 horses (1995–2006)     

KM Ketzner  AA Stewart  CR Byron  M Stewart  EM Gaughan  PD Vanharreveld  JD Lillich 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):363-368

Objective   Describe the use of a phalangeal cast as treatment for wounds in the pastern and foot region of horses. Secondly, to evaluate the healing and soundness of horses treated with phalangeal casts.
Design   Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures   Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results   Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions   In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective.  相似文献   

Clearance of para-aminohippuric acid in wethers consuming locoweed     

JR Strickland  MA Custis  AK Ashley  LL Smith  JL Klotz  CR Krehbiel 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):288-292

AIM: To validate the use of para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) as a marker for measuring blood flow in wethers consuming a mixed diet of locoweed and blue grama hay.

METHODS: Fourteen sheep, stratified by bodyweight (BW), were assigned to one of three treatments: 0.8 mg swainsonine (SW)/kg BW (HI), 0.2 mg SW/kg BW (LO), and no SW (Control). Sheep were fed various ratios of locoweed and blue grama hay to deliver SW treatments, for 28 days prior to infusion of PAH. Concentrations of SW and activities of alkaline phosphatase (Alk-P) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum were measured to confirm exposure to SW and subclinical intoxication. A single 20-ml injection of 5% PAH was delivered into the jugular vein after subclinical intoxication had been achieved. Blood samples were collected and serum analysed for PAH immediately prior to injection, then every 5 min from 5–30 min, and every 10 min from 30–60 min, following injection of PAH.

RESULTS: Effective delivery of SW was evident from the greater concentrations of SW measured in the serum of HI compared with LO animals (p<0.05). No significant differences were detected in the rate of elimination (range 0.097–0.108 L/min), elimination half-life (range 6.62–7.24 min), apparent volume of distribution for the central compartment (range 7.14–9.72 L), and clearance (range 0.73–0.92 L/min) of PAH, between treatments.

CONCLUSIONS: Subclinical intoxication with SW did not affect the pharmacokinetics of PAH. Thus, use of downstream dilution of PAH is a valid method to determine the rate of blood flow in nutrient flux experiments that involve consumption of locoweed.  相似文献   

Neonatal mortality due to equid herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) in a foal     

JS O'KEEFE  MR ALLEY  D. JONES  CR WILKS 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(9):353-354

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Sequential bacteriological observations in relation to cell-mediated and humoral antibody responses of cattle infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and maintained on normal or high iron intake   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

AWD LEPPER  CR WILKS†  M. KOTIW†  JT WHITEHEAD†  KS SWART† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(2):50-55

Twenty calves were orally infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis before weaning. Ten of these plus 4 non-infected controls were maintained on elevated dietary iron intake from 6 to 33 months of age. During this time, in which the majority of animals were bred, the influence of increased dietary iron upon tests of cellular and humoral immune responsiveness to antigens of the organism were monitored. Results were examined in relation to the organism's capacity to multiply and infect up to 7 portions of the intestinal tract. No significant differences were detected in the degree of intestinal disease or pattern of faecal excretion of M. paratuberculosis in iron supplemented and non-supplemented cattle. Cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to johnin PPD developed at 1 month and in-vitro lymphocyte and immunostimulatory activity (LS) to this antigen at 2 months after infection. LS indices were significantly reduced in magnitude in iron-supplemented cattle (p less than 0.01). Most ELISA antibody responses were positive 10 to 17 months after infection and preceded the fewer number of CF responses by several months. Neither of the antibody tests was affected by elevated iron intake. Generally, complete or partial resistance to paratuberculosis was associated with sustained positive monthly LS tests (index greater than or equal to 2.0), whereas antibody levels tended to be sustained only in the more severely affected cattle. Although neither test system was affected by pregnancy the ELISA failed to detect a significant proportion of cattle chronically shedding M. paratuberculosis in faeces.  相似文献   

EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON SCREW-WORM AMONG SHEEP IN SãO PAULO STATE,BRAZIL     

Madeira  N.G.  Amarante  A.F.T.  Padovani  C.R. 《Tropical animal health and production》1998,30(3):149-157

The screw-worm Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), whose larvae develop in wild and domestic animals as well as in man, is one of the major causes of myiasis in Brazil. Sheep raising is expanding in the state of São Paulo, where information about the infestation of screw-worm is necessary for appropriate control measures. The present data were obtained from questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to Associação Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos – ASPACO (São Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. The results show that screw-worm is the most frequent ectoparasite in the flocks and is responsible for the greatest economic losses. Its occurrence is strongly associated with flock size, reaching 100% in flocks consisting of more than 500 animals. Infestation is higher in spring and summer and lowest in the fall. The number of cases increases in the presence of some management practices such as tail amputation. Furthermore, several other associations between the indicators surveyed were also found to be significant. The data obtained will permit the elaboration of strategies for the control of this parasitosis.  相似文献   

Effects of IGF‐1 on In Vitro Culture of Bovine Preantral Follicles are Dose‐Dependent          下载免费PDF全文

CR Jimenez  JL de Azevedo  RG Silveira  J Penitente‐Filho  EL Carrascal‐Triana  AM Zolini  VR Araujo  CAA Torres  WG Gonçalves 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(3):435-444

This study aimed at assessing the effect of different concentrations of the growth factor similar to insulin 1 (IGF‐1) in the development, survival and ultrastructure of the bovine preantral follicles cultured in situ. Fragments of bovine ovarian cortical tissue were cultured during 1 and 7 days in 1 ml of α‐MEM⁺, supplemented with different concentrations of human recombinant IGF‐1 (0, 30, 70 and 100 ng/ml), in an incubator at 37°C and 5% of CO₂ in 24‐well plates with total replacement of the medium every 2 days. Non‐cultured ovarian fragments (control) and ovarian fragments cultured during 1 and 7 days were processed for classic histology, mechanical isolation and electron transmission microscopy (ETM). Parameters such as normality, viability, activation, development, diameter and ultrastructure were evaluated. All statistical analyses were carried out using sas Version 9.2. The results showed that the percentage of follicles morphologically normal in the IGF‐1 30 ng/ml treatment was similar to the fresh control (p > 0.05) both on the day 1 and on the day 7 of in vitro culture. In the viability analysis, the cultured treatments maintained the percentage of viable follicles during the entire culture period (p > 0.05). After 7 days of culture, the IGF‐1 30 ng/ml treatment showed higher percentages of developing follicles (48.33%) than those of the fresh control (22.22%) and the cultured treatments (p < 0.05). Also, after 7 days of culture, IGF‐1 30 ng/ml presented a higher follicular diameter when compared to the control and other concentrations of IGF‐1 tested. Ultrastructurally, the non‐cultured control and IGF‐1 30 ng/ml, after 7 days of culture, showed conserved oocytes, nuclei and organelles. Hence, it is concluded that IGF‐1 30 ng/ml was the most efficient concentration for the development of bovine preantral follicles cultured in vitro.  相似文献   

Autochthonous feline leprosy caused by Mycobacterium sp. strain Tarwin affecting a cat from the Central Coast of New South Wales          下载免费PDF全文

E Torii  G Reppas  MB Krockenberger  JA Fyfe  CR O'Brien  R Malik 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(8):285-289

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姬松茸深层发酵生产胞外多糖的碳氮源研究     

潘慧娟  吴应美  范雷法  Soccol CR  Pandey A 《中国食用菌》2006,25(2):44-46

研究表明摇床振荡培养有利于姬松茸菌丝体生长，而静止培养有利于其胞外多糖的合成。以胞外多糖为目标的研究中。为排除定粉类多糖（碳源）的干扰，红糖是比较理想的碳源，红糖的浓度以20g／L以内，酵母膏是较好的氮源。  相似文献   

The effects of dietary nucleotide mixture on growth performance,haematological and immunological parameters of Nile tilapia          下载免费PDF全文

Margarida Maria Barros  Igo Gomes Guimarães  Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato  Ricardo de Oliveira Orsi  Ademir C Fernandes Junior  Caroline Pelegrina Teixeira  Luciana Francisco Fleuri  Carlos Roberto Padovani 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(4):987-993

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Structural requirements for repellency: norsesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoid derivatives of nootkatone against the Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)     

Betty CR Zhu  Gregg Henderson  Anne M Sauer  William Crowe  Roger A Laine 《Pest management science》2010,66(8):875-878

BACKGROUND: Research has shown that the family of grapefruit flavors called nootkatones have significant repellant and toxic effects to Formosan subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki). RESULTS: Nineteen synthetic nootkatone derivatives, along with three commercially available nootkatone derivatives, were tested for repellent activity against C. formosanus by a choice assay in a petri dish with a two‐step triage procedure. Based on the repellency threshold value, the relationships between structure and activity are discussed. CONCLUSION: Four derivatives of nootkatone have very high repellency and toxicity to C. formosanus, 9 times the potency of the primary compound nootkatone. Four other compounds have between 2 and 3 times the repellency of nootkatones, and three compounds are equal in their repellency to nootkatone. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献